These events included the September 11 attacks the leaking of classified information identifying Central Intelligence Agency agent Valerie Plame CIA-backed abuses at Abu Ghraib prison the Bush administration claim that Iraq possessed weapons of mass destruction illegal campaign contributions by lobbyists, including Jack Abramoff deaths and damage due to the Federal Emergency Management Agency's weak response to Hurricane Katrina and Philip Cooney's suppression of data demonstrating the existence of global warming. Prominent hearings and investigations īetween 20, many major events and scandals in the Bush administration generated few or no subpoenas from the Republican-led committee. That was more than the combined total issued by the previous three chairmen-Davis, Henry Waxman (D-California), and Edolphus Towns (D-New York)-from 2003 to 2010. Īfter Republicans retook the House in the 2010 elections, the new chairman, Darrell Issa (R-California), escalated the use of subpoenas again, issuing more than 100 in four years during the Obama administration. īy contrast, from 2003 to 2005, under the chairmanship of Tom Davis (R-Virginia), the committee issued only three subpoenas to the Bush administration. From 1997 to 2002, Burton used this authority to issue 1,052 unilateral subpoenas, many of them related to alleged misconduct by President Bill Clinton, at a cost of more than $35 million. In 1997, the Republican majority on the committee changed its rules to allow the chairman, Dan Burton (R-Indiana), to issue subpoenas without the consent of the committee's ranking Democrat. Since 2007, it has been called the "Oversight Committee" for short. The name was changed again by the 116th Congress to its current iteration: the Committee on Oversight and Reform. On January 4, 2007, the 110th Congress renamed it the Committee on Oversight and Government Reform. While retaining the agenda of the former Committee on Government Operations, the new committee also took on the responsibilities of the former House Committee on the Post Office and Civil Service and the Committee on the District of Columbia. In the 106th Congress, the panel was renamed the Committee on Government Reform. In 2007, a reorganization under a new Democratic majority combined the duties of the seven subcommittees into five. This reorganization consolidated the jurisdiction previously covered by three full committees and resulted in a 50 percent cut in staff. Īfter Republicans gained control of the House in the 1994 elections, the committee was reorganized to include seven subcommittees instead of 14. The new name was intended to reflect the committee's broad mission: to oversee "the operations of Government activities at all levels with a view to determining their economy and efficiency". The modern-day committee's immediate predecessor, the Committee on Government Operations, was established in 1952. The panel now known as the Committee on Oversight and Reform was originally the Committee on Expenditures in the Executive Departments, created in 1927 to consolidate 11 separate Committees on Expenditures that had previously overseen the spending of various departments of the federal government. 2 Prominent hearings and investigations.Representative James Comer (R-Kentucky) was selected to succeed Meadows on June 29, 2020. Representative Mark Meadows served as ranking member from March 13, 2020, until March 30, 2020, when he resigned his congressional seat to become White House Chief of Staff. On March 31, 2020, Jordan started his second stint as ranking member. Representative Jim Jordan served as ranking member from January 3, 2019, until March 12, 2020. Ĭarolyn Maloney ( D-New York) served as acting chair of the committee following the death of Elijah Cummings ( D-Maryland) on Octoshe was elected chair a month later. However, in recent history, it has become practice to refrain from unilateral subpoenas. Its chairman is one of only three in the House with the authority to issue subpoenas without a committee vote or consultation with the ranking member. The committee's broad jurisdiction and legislative authority make it one of the most influential and powerful panels in the House. The Committee on Oversight and Reform is the main investigative committee of the United States House of Representatives.
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